Month: June 2016

Electrical Energy

by

Quality requirements for electrical energy. The most important indicators of quality of electric power – is the voltage deviation from the nominal value ratio is not sinusoidal voltage, frequency deviation of 50 Hz. According to the standard for at least 95% of time each day phase voltage should be in the range 209-231 V (5% deviation), frequency within 49.8-50.2 Hz, and the coefficient nonsinusoidality should not exceed 5%. The remaining 5 or less percent of the time every day stress can vary from 198 to 242 (10% deviation), frequency from 49.6 to 50.4 Hz and the ratio nonsinusoidality must not exceed 10%. Admitted as a strong change in frequency from 49.5 Hz to 51 Hz, but total duration of such changes should not exceed 90 hours per year. Electrical accidents is when a short-term power quality is outside. The frequency can 5 Hz to deviate from the nominal value. The voltage can be reduced to zero.

Further indicators of quality must be restored. Power failures in the real electric networks are of different kinds of failures. In Russia, for example, became known data from studies performed in the U.S. companies Bell Labs and IBM. Since the power of Russia and Ukraine are very similar, data from these studies apply to us.

According to the last, each personal computer is exposed to 120 emergency situations with power supply in a month. The data in emergency situations hold for other consumers. According to Bell Labs in the U.S. observed the following common power failures occur.

Energy Processes

by

Human labor or skill is not a differentiating factor between a natural or synthetic substance, simply because we can re-create and set the conditions for naturally occurring reactions take place. Cookies is an example of a product that does not exist in nature unless the human labor and skill set the stage for a series of chemical reactions that occur in the kiln to produce cookies. For example, sodium bicarbonate is one of the oldest fermentation agents used in cooking: baking soda + acid (Lactic acid milk, benzoic acid from fruit, etc) – water – salt + carbon dioxide, carbonic acid dissociates – – water + carbon dioxide This is an example of a chemical reaction that is technically synthetic due to the addition of human capacity, but is clearly seen as natural as it contributes to the eye as a natural product and the final results of the reaction are naturally occurring substances. In the cosmetics industry, the hundreds of ingredients are used to impose different effects on the skin. These ingredients are purely natural ingredients extracted from nature in its original, purely synthetic ingredients that have been created from synthetic materials through a complex series of chemical reactions and have no connection with nature any longer. So how is a consumer to decide what ingredients are natural and which are synthetic?

Each chemical reaction has three parts and each one has a series of questions to help you decide: reactive – + — / process as a catalyst of energy —- Reagent products: – are of natural origin, ie, taken from the earth in its original or modified physically through milling, smelting, screening, etc? – Are the result of biological processes? Catalyst: – Is a natural substance? – That is natural, but harmful toxic to humans or the environment? – Is it harmful to the environment to obtain or use? – Is it reusable? – Is it synthetic? If so, where do you belong in the continuous synthetic? – Is this a petrochemical? Power Process: – Is the process imposed from the outside of the reaction? – What is the source of energy that is imposed and is a renewable or nonrenewable source? – Is the amount of energy needed to carry out the minimum or intensive reaction energy? This must be weighed against the benefit of the products resulting from the process that is worth the cost of energy compared with the benefit of mankind? Products: – Are these naturally in the reagents, but now separated? – Are chemically different reagents in part or in full? – Are they toxic or not toxic to humans and the environment? – Are biodegradable, with no impact to the land through normal or micro-biological processes of disintegration? Implications for the daily use of cosmetics from a wide variety of cosmetic products available to us..

Brazil Energy

by

This is fruit of the base that started if to raise in 1987, when of the birth of the Protocol of Montreal that regulated the substance use that they are harmful to ozone, as the CFC, assisting in the control of the hole in the layer. the result is that the ozone layer, the shield that protects the life in the Land of the harmful levels of ultraviolet radiation, was remained steady in the last decade. One another question must be contemplated in Brazil is the question of its power in terms of energy capacity, with prominence for the discovery of the daily pay-salt, that would have reserves esteem in 34 billion barrels, the quarrels are intensified in the whole world on ' ' poderio' ' Brazilian in the sector, and still, due to production of etanol and the immense reservoir of hydroelectric plants and other renewable power plants, however if cannot consider this as the ready principle to be followed and, therefore he is indispensable to the necessity of investment in clean technologies In the words of the president of the Company of Pesquisa Energtica (EPE), Maurcio Tolmasquim, during the Frum EXAMINATION Energy, carried through in this second (20) in SP Brazil appears with two advantages that give prominence to it in world-wide the energy scene: ' ' renovabilidade' ' of the energy matrix of and the production of etanol. Everything 47% of its composed matrix for sources you renewed, being above average world-wide, that are of 14%. It adds despite the aeolian sector answers for less than 3%, but its generating potential is of 300 a thousand MW, the equivalent the 20 hydroelectric plants of the transport of Itaipu. in regards to production of etanol its potential of growth in the promising future and to be able to take care of to a market dominated for moved vehicles the biocombustvel, fact this that will have to supply the demand in ten years of foreseen 70% of the cars that will have to be flex.